Horizontal hoop-driving machine



5 Sheets-Sheet 1 (Model.)

M. L.'DEERING.

HORIZONTAL HOOP DRIVING MAGHIN E.

Patented Apr.25, 1882.

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(ModeL) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

M. L. DEBRING.

HORIZONTAL HOOP DRIVING MACHINE.

110,257,130. Patented Apr-.25, 1882.

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(ModeL) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3..

M. L. DEERING.

HORIZONTAL H003 DRIVING MAGHINE. No. 257,130. Patented Apr.25,1882.

122W zafiaa (ModeL) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

M. L. DEERING.

HORIZONTAL HOOP DRIVING MACHINE.

No. 257,130. Patented Ap Z5, 1882.

N. PETERs, Phoicrljlhngnphlr, Washmgicn. D. C

'tion.

UNITED STATES MARK L. DEERING, OF CLEVELAND,

ASSIGNOR TO GEORGE H. HOPPER,

OF UNIONVILLE, OHIO.

HORIZONTAL HOOP-DRIVING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 257,130, dated April25, 1882.

Application filed November 21, 1851. (Model) T 0 all whom it mayconcern:

Be it known that 1, MARK L. DEERING, of Cleveland, in the county ofGuyahoga and State of 0hio,have invented a certain new and ImprovedHorizontal Hoop-Driving Machine; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and complete description thereof.

The purpose of this invention is for driving hoops on barrels, or, moreparticularly, for tightening by redriving the hoops on the barrels afterthey have been driven originally thereon, so that said barrels may betight and freefrom leakage for final shipment. or forstorage.

A full and complete description of the construction and practicaloperation of the hoopdriver is substantially as follows. Forillustration thereof referencewill be made to the accompanying drawings,making a partot'this specification, in which Figure 1 is a sideelevation of the machine. Fig. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 is an end eleva-Fig. at. is a detached sectional side view of the machine. The. rest ofthe figures are detached detail sections, to which reference will bemade.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several views.

In a suitably-constructed frame, consisting of the beam A and standardsB, Figs. 1 and 3, of which 0 is the bed-plate of the said frame, arearranged the mechanisms of the machine in the following order:Longitudiually in the middle of the bed-plate is a rectangular openingextending nearly the length of the bedplate. Transversely in saidopening, andjournaled in the sides thereof, are a seriesoffriction-rollers, D, Figs. 1 and 3, upon which rest and movelongitudinally and reciprocally in a horizontaldireetion a pair ofreceiving-heads, 3

E and F. Said heads are constructed alike. Hence a description of oneofthem will answer for the other.

The retaining-head Fconsists of a shell the inner surface of which isplain and in cont-our the shape ofa transverse half of a barrel, and ofa proper size to receive a little less than one-halfot' the length of abarrel, as seen in Fig. 6. The front edge of the shellis provided with aflange, G. A section of thelower edge of the flange projects downward,forming a foot for connecting the retaining -head to a carriage, H,resting directly upon the rollers above referred to, and upon which theretaining;head is carried upon the said rollers.

Along the under side of the carriage are ribs,-

number, runninglengthwise the said head, be-

tween which are corresponding spaces, 0.

Through the sides of the shellot' the retaining-head, and between theribs; are cut a corresponding number of slots, J,in each ofwhich fittingclosely to the ribs b alluded to, but loose enough to turn freelythereon reciprocally. The peripheral face of each of said rings isdivided into a series of inclined planes or cams, L, Figs. 3 and 4,corresponding to the number of spaces a above alluded to. In each ofsaid inclined planes or cams is cut an E-shaped slot or opening, a, asseen in Fig. 4. All theinclined planes or cams of the rings are notshown with slots therein, but practically each one is thus slotted. j

M, Fig. 6, are drivers the bodies of which, passing loosely through theslide K, are square to prevent their turning around. The inner end ofeach driverterminates in a rounded point, d. The shank, or that part ofthe driver passing through the space 0 and through the slot in thecam-ring, is round, andis terminated by a collar or head, f, outside ofthe ring, as shown in Figs. 4. and

Around the shank of the driver is coileda spring, g, Figs. 5 and 6, thetension of which forces the driver radially inward toward the center ofthe retaining-head, but which is prevented from falling therein by saidcollar f.

Each of the slides K is alike provided with three drivers the shanks ofwhich pass respectively through the slots of the cam-rings, as shown inFig. 6. Each of the slides K is provided with .a rod or stem, N, wherebythey are attached to a disk, 0, Figs. 1 and 3, for operating the slidessimultaneously, as and for a purpose presently shown.

In the bottom end of the retaining head or heads is an abutment-plate,P, Figs. 5 and 6. Said plate is a little larger in'diameter than thehead of a barrel, and is pivoted in the retaining-head by aball-and-socket joint held in place by bolts and springs 01, Fig. 6,which admits of sufficient movement of the plate to adapt itself to anyirregularity of the barrel.

Within the retaining-head are a number of flat springs, Q, Figs. 5 and6. Two only are shown in the drawings. Practically more are used. Saidsprings extend convergingly inward toward the plate I, andcircumferentially are uniformly arranged. The innerends of said springsmay be re-enforced by supplementary springs coiled around thrust-bolts,on which the main springs may rest. The pur; pose ofthesc springs willpresently be shown.

As above said, the two retaining-heads are constructed and arrangedsubstantially alike, and are made to approach each other simultaneouslyand to recede from each othersimub taneously, the extent of their travelbeing equal, each one moving a little less than onehalf the length of abarrel.

, 1 The devices for effecting the movement of the retaining-heads are asfollows:

E is a steam-cylinder, herein designated as a retaining-cylinder. Saidcylinder is provided Witha piston-rod, valves, 860., in .the same way asan ordinary steam-engine cylinder, differing only from that in adaptingit and its steam-pipes to this special machine. Hencea detaileddescription thereof is notdeemed essen tial in this place. Theretaining-head F is actuated directly by the retaining-cylinder R,thepiston-rodofwhich is connected tosaid head by means of a head, V,androdsT, Figs. 2 and 1. One end of each of said rods is secured in thehead of thecylinderUofa driving-cylinder connected to the saidretaining-head F. The other ends of the guide-rods are secured in ahead, 0, which in turn -is attached to the piston-rod W, Fig. 1, of theretaining-cylinder R, thereby making a positive'and direct connection ofthe retaining-head F with the retain ing steam-cylinder R for operatingthe head conjoin-tly with the retaining-head E. Said retaining-head E isconnected to the retainingcylinder and operated thereby as follows X,Fig. 1, is a connecting-rod one end of which is connected to the top ofthe retaininghead E, as seen at i. The opposite end of the rod isattached to an arm, y, secured to ashaft journaled in a bracket, Z. Tosaid shaft is secured an arm, A, whereby the shaft is connected to thelink S, pivoted to the head V of the retaining-cylinder. The lower sideof the retaining-head is in like manner connected by a rod, B, to thelink S, Figs. 1 and 12, of the retaining-cylinder by the intervention ofan arm, 0, and an arm, D, both of which are secured to a shaft jouinaledin a bracket, E, Figs. 1 and 12.

From the above-described connections of the two retaining-heads with theretaining-cylinder it will be obvious that said heads will be operatedreciprocally in a longitudinal direction and simultaneously by the saidcylinder.

The driving steam-cylinder U above referred to is connected rigidly andpermanently to the retaining-head F and in a true central relationtherewith. The retaining-head E has also a driving steam-cylinder, F,Fig. 1, rigidly and permanently connected thereto, and having the samecentral relation to the head E and to the head F and retaining-cylinderR, all of which have and move in a common central line.

The above-said driving steam-cylinders are constructed substantially asan ordinary steamengine cylinder, modified simply to adapt them tothisspecial purpose-viz., for operating the slides Kfcarrying thehoopdrivers M above alluded to. Said slides are connected to the heads 00, respectively, by the rods N. and said heads are respectivelyconnected to the piston-rods G and G of the driving-cyliudersll and F,as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, in which T and T are the guide-rods on whichsaid heads 0 O are guided and controlled, as aforesaid.

To the cam-rings 3 and 8, Fig. 1, of the retaining-heads are securedrespectively racks other cam-rings of the two retaining-heads are alikeprovided with a rack and asegmentgear for actuating them, as shown inFigs. 3 and 4, in which 1 and 1 are the racks and segmentgears, and 3and 4 are the shafts to which the segments are feathered. The saidsegmentgears are free to slide on their respective shafts, that they maymove together with the retaining-heads, but are prevented from turningon their shafts by being feathered thereto in the ordinary way.

In Fig. 1 0' indicates the groove in the shaft, and f the feather abovealluded to. Said pinions or segments are moved together with theretaining-heads by the arms a, secured to and projecting from thebed-plate of the said heads,

.and through which the shaft J passes in a sleeve on which the segmentsturn, and are carried thereby in one direction and by the 'arm a in theopposite one as the retaining inders beingshown at a, c, and 0, Figs. 1and 3, and are constructed with piston-rods, valves, and steam-pipeconnections, substantially as an ordinary steam-engine cylinder,modified therefrom only so much as to adapt them to work the severalparts of the machine to which they are connected respectively.

The rock-shafts J, 3, and 4, carrying the segment-gears above described,are connected respectively to the piston-rods N, O, and P, Figs. 2 and3, by lever-arms 3", 4, and 0', Fig.2, fixed to said shafts, but.loosely connected to the piston-rods of the cylinders, so that as thepistons work they will vibrate the arms and rock the several shafts andsegment-gears thereon, which by their engagement with their respectiveracks will rotate reciprocally and simultaneously the cam-rings on thetwo retaining-heads. A

The steam is let on and shut off from the several cylinders foroperating the cam-rings by the following device: On theshaft Q, Fig. 2,are fixed the T-shaped arms It S T, Figs. 1, 2, and 3. In the side ofthe head of each of the arms is cut a groove, as seen in Figs. 8, 9, and10, which represent detached views of the arms. The arms-S and 10 arethe two outside arms and have the groove in the head alike, only in areverse direction. Fig. 9 is the middle arm, and the groove in the headdifiers from those in the sidearms. The peculiar shape of the grooves isfor a special purpose, hereinafter explained.

Above each of the cylinders a,c,and 6 alluded to projects a bifurcatedarm, U, Figs. 2 and 3, in which are pivoted respectively the levers V,detached views of which are shown in Fig. 11, so arranged that the outerends thereofare in con tact with the sides of the heads of the T-shapedarms, and are in connection with the said arms by a pin,j, Fig. 1,projecting from the end of the lever into the grooves of the arms, asseen in the drawings. The opposite ends of said levers are connected tothe ends of the valve-rods m, Fig. 3, of the steam-cylinders foroperating the valves thereof, which, as above mentioned, actuaterespectively the cam-rings of the retainingheads.

For operating the several valves of the cyl-' inder for the purposeabove specified is the object of the handle Y, fixed on the shaft Q,carrying the T-shaped arms above described. The valve of theretaining-cylinder R is operated for moving the retaining-heads by thehandle 7r, Fig. 2, secured to the shaft 1, said shaft being connected tothe valve-rod a by a link, 0, attached to crank-arms p and r, fixedrespectively on the valve-rod and shaft, substantially as shown in saidFig. 2. The two driving-cylinders F and U are in like manner controlledfor operating the drivers by the handle t, secured to the shaftf, Fig.2. ()n the outer end of said shaft is a crank-arm, g, to which isattached a connecting-rod, h. The opposite end of the rod is attached toa crank-arm, 4-, on the valve-rod j of the driving-cylinder F,substantially as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Between .the two retaining-heads is fixed to the bed of the machinea'frame or standflr, on which is secured a plate, It, Fig.2, onto whichthe barrel is rolled and supported between the heads, while apart, forhaving the hoops tightened thereon. I

On each side of the stand, and just below the plate 7c,-but notso closeas to touch, is a supplementary supporting-trame, m and n, the legs ofwhich are pivoted to the bed-plate near the foot of the middle support,it, so that the upper part of the frames may be spread outward, as seenin Fig. 1, to give a resting-sun face for the barrel to roll on into themachine. The side supports, for being hinged to the bedplate, will closetogether and be no obstruction to the heads when they approach eachother for operating on the barrel, which is substantially as follows: v

The barrel above referred to is indicated by the dotted lines 0' inFig.1,and is represented as being partly within the retaining-heads.

As aforesaid, this machine is for retightening the hoops on barrelswhich may have be come loose thereon, and is especially intended forresetting the hoops on oil-barrels which are bound with three hoops oneach end corresponding to the number of cam-rings and hoop-drivers M setin the slides or driver-heads K herein described.

The barrel to be hooped is placed in the machine by being rolled oversuitable tracks or ways (not shown in thedrawings) toaposition centrallybetween the two retaining-heads upon the stand or support k. For thispurpose the retainin g-heads are moved away from each other far enoughto allow the barrel to roll between them onto the said supports it. By aproper movement of the handle or lever steam is admitted to theretaining-cylinder-by opening the valve thereof by the mechanismconnecting it to the said operating lever or handle above described. Bythe action of the retaining-cylinder the two retaining-heads are closedsimultaneously upon the barrel, which is held centrally in the beads bythe springs Q, surrounding each end of the barrel, so that the ends mayabut against the plates P in the retaining-heads and beheld rigidly butcentrally between them with all thet'orce of the retaining-cylinderuntil a reverse movement of the retaining'heads is required, which iseffected by the retraction of the piston, which draws the heads awayfrom each other and approaches them as may be needed in working themachine. The two heads for being connected to the, retaining-cylinder,as above described, must move equally and at the same time. The barrel,when thus clamped in the two retaining-heads, is now in condition tohave the hoops thereon driven up.

As above said, and shown in Fig. 3, the outer surface of the rings 1, 2,and 3 consists of a number of inclined planes, forming a kind of cams,and having therein E-shaped slots or openings, through which the shanksof the drivers M project. The collars on the projecting ends of theshanks are drawn hard down upon the face of the inclined planes or camsby the springs 9, Fig. 6. It will be obvious that on turning the saidrings in one direction the inclined planes of the said rings will drawupon the drivers by virtue of the collars f bearing thereon, therebywithdrawing the inner ends of the drivers back into the slides K, sothat theywill not project beyond the inner surface of theretaining-heads and be in the way while the heads are closing upon thebarrel. I This movement of the rings for that purpose is effected by theracks and segmentgears above described, which are operated for thatpurpose by the handle or lever Y on the shaftf, which by moving in theproper direction will open the valves of the cylinders a, c, and e,which by their respective connections with the shafts of the severalracks and segment-gears will turn the rings in the proper direction tocause the inclined planes to draw outward the drivers. A reverse actionof the piston will by another movement of the lever Y turn the severalrings so that the collars or heads of the drivers will be at the foot ofthe inclined planes, which will allow the drivers to be drawn inward bythe springs, so that the driving-joints thereof will impinge upon thebarrel near the outer edges of the hoops, against which they are forcedfor driving them up. This action of the machine for driving the hoop upis accomplished by the slides K, carrying the hoop drivers, which up tothis time are in the position shown in Fig.6, which,

as will be seen in said figure, are not pushed forward toward the facesof the retainingheads-that is to say, in direction of the arrows; norare the drivers pushed in to engage the hoops for driving them up,excepting the chine-hoop drivers, which are always in at the time thebarrel is being entered for being operated upon. Now,when the barrel isentered the chine-hoop drivers are to be withdrawn, which is done bypulling toward the operator the lever Y. This movement of the leveradmits at the same time the bilge-hoop drivers to be drawn inward to thebarrel by the springs g in consequence of the peculiar shape anddirection of the grooves in the heads of the arms R S T, operating thevalves of the steam-cylinders a c 6, connected thereto by the levers Vand pins, as above described, which in turn rotate the cam-rings formoving the drivers.

In detail the practical operation of the machine for driving up thehoops is as follows:

Two hoops only are driven at one time; first, the two bilge-hoops. Tothis end the two camrings 3 3, respectively, of the retaining-heads arerotated, so as to allow the shanks of the bilge-hoop drivers to move (inthe transverse slots of the openings in the cam-rings) down the inclinedplane of the Came to the lower longitudinal slot, so that the spring 9may draw the said bilge-drivers radially inward to the barrel, that thepoints thereof may engage the hoops. This rotative movement of the twocam-rings above alluded to iseffected by the steam-cylinder e, operatedfor that purpose by the hand-lever Y by drawing it toward theoperator-that is, away from the machine. Said lever, being 'on the shaftQ, will by its connection with the valve-rod of said cylinder 6, asabove described, admit steam to one end of the piston thereof, causingit to operate the shaft J in connection with the piston of the cylinder.This movement of the shaft J operates the segments 1, which in turnrotate the cam-rings by their engagement with the racks ot'therings. Thedrivers thus brought in position for driving the bilge-hoops, thedriverslides are now suddenly moved forward by the driving-cylindersoperated for that purpose by the hand-levert, connected to the valves ofthe cylinders by the interposed mechanism above described. As the slidesmove forward in the direction ofthe arrows the shanks of thebilgedrivers move along in the lower longitudinal slot of the'openingsin the cams, While the other drivers move along in the upper slots. Whenthe two bilge-hoops have been driven up, another movement of thehand-lever t (now toward the machine) admits steam to the other end ofthe pistons of the driving-cytinders, eausin g a reverse movement of thedriverslides, which will bring the shanks of the drivers back to thetransverse slot of the camopeningsfor withdrawing the drivers from thebarrel, which is done by reversing the rota-tive movements of thecam-rings 3 3, thereby causing the collarsfof the drivers to move up theinclined planes of the rings. As aforesaid, the peculiar shape anddirection of the grooves in the arms R, S, and T, in which the pinsjmove for actuating the levers V and valves of the cylinders to whichthey are respectively connected, are such that while the valve of thecylinder 0 is being operated for rotating the cam-rings 3 3 in onedirection the valve of the cylinder 0 is operated, and byits connectionwith the cam-rings 2 2, as-abovesetforth, and shown in the drawings,turns said cam-rings 2 2 in an opposite direction from the movement ofthe cam-rings 3 3. This movement of the rings 2 2 will bring the middleor quarter hoopdrivers of the slides to the barrel by the co- ICOoperation of the inclined planes (down which the shanks of the driversmove) and the reaction of the springs g, substantially in the same wayas were the bilge-drivers and cam-rings actuated,as'beforedescribed.Atthismoment the driving-cylinders are again operated by the hand-leverst, which force the slides forward in direction of the arrows, takingwith them the drivers, the points of which drive the middle hoops, 2 2,farther on the barrel as the bilge-drivers did the bilge-hoopsaforesaid. A still further forward movement of the lever Y toward themachine, by virtue of the peculiar shape of the grooves in the arms R,S, and

T, changes the position of the valves. of the cylinders a c, and they inturn by their respective connections with the cam-rings l l and 2 2 ofthe retainingheads, as above described, withdraw the drivers from themiddle hoops, and at the same time let in the chinehoop drivers whichhad been withdrawn, as aforesaid, at the time the bilge-hoop driverswerelet in. Steam is now admitted to the drivin g-cylinders which hadbeen previously drawn back, after driving on the middle hoops, byreversing the action of the hand-lever t, which again drives thedriver-slides forward with a sudden blow of the drivers upon thechinehoops, thereby setting them farther upon the barrel, substantiallyas were the middle hoops and bilge-hoops driven up for being tightenedupon the barrel. The lever tis now drawn forward, thereby admittingsteam to the other end of the pistons of the driving cylinders formoving back the driver-slides. At this time the lever 70 is drawn towardthe operator for letting steam to the other end of the piston of theretaining-cylinder for movingthe retainin gheads apart, so that thebarrel may be removed from the retaining-heads by rolling it out of theopposite side from which it was entered to give placeto another. Theretaining-heads do notapproach each other so as to touch. A space istherefore interposed between them for the accommodation ofthesupporting-stand k and the movable sides a, which as the heads cometogether are closed up against the supportingstand k. When theretaining-heads recede from each other the movable sides are drawn outby the chains V, connecting them respectively to the retaining-heads.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In machines for driving hoops on barrels, a pair of retaining-heads,E and I arranged to co-operate relatively in respect to each other, asdescribed, and consisting of a shell provided with a peripheral seriesof longitudinal moving slides or heads, having therein hoopdriversadapted to move radially in relation to the axial line of theretaining-heads and at right angles to the movement of-thesaid slides orheads, substantially as herein set forth.

2. In combination" with the shell of the retaming-heads, slides anddrivers arranged therein, the springs g and rotative rings theperimeters of which are a series of inclined planes, forming cams, inwhich are longitudinal slots, connected to each other by trans verseslot adapted to receive and allow the shanks of the drivers to slidetherein to permit the rings to rotate for actuating the drivers in aradial direction by the co-operation of the cams or inclined planes,springs, and collarsf, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a horizontal double-ended machinefor driving hoops on barrels, theretaining-heads E I, connected to each other by rods X and B, pivotedarms 3 and A and D C, and links conneeting said arms to the head V, incombination with the steam-retaining cylinder, where- A by theretaining-heads are operated reciprocally and simultaneously inalignment one with the other for the purpose specified, andsubstantially as set forth.

4. In a machine for driving hoops on barrels, in combination with thecam-rings of the retaining-heads and racks respectively connectedthereto, segment-gears arranged to engage the said racks for rotatingthe cam-rin gs, substantially as described, and for the purposespecified.

5. In combination with the shell of the retainin g-heads anddriver-slides, a j acket of rotative rings the perimeters of which area. series of inclined planes,'forming cams, and having shaped openingstherein for the admission of hoop-drivers, said drivers being actuatedradially in the retaining-heads by the cam-rin gs, substantially as setforth, and for the purpose specified.

6. With the segment-gears feathered to their respective shafts, thatthey may slide thereon conjointly with the movements of theretaining-heads, the combination of the cylinders a, 0, and 6, connectedto the said shafts by pistonrods, and arms 3", 4", and 0" for operatingthe same for the purpose specified, and substantially as described.

7. In a machineforhoopin g barrels, the steamcylinders a, c, and 0, armsR and T, having in the heads thereof a cam groove or slot reverselyarranged in relation to each other, arms S, between the arms It and T,and havin g in the head thereof a groove with a central depression,lever-arms V and pins projecting therefrom respectively into the groovesof the arms R S T, and shafts J, 4., and 3,with theirrespectivesegments, in combination with the rings of the retainingheads,substantially as described.

S. In combination with the retaining-cylinder It and retaining-heads ofa hoop-driving machine and connectingmechanism, the lever k and shaft I,mounted on main frame, as shown, connected by suitable mechanism to thevalve of said cylinder for actuating the same, for the purpose setforth.

9. In combination with the retaining-heads herein described, theself-adjusting abutmentplate and centering springs arranged within thecavity of the retaining-heads, substantially as described, and for thepurpose specified.

10. In a machine for driving hoops on bar rels, theretaining-heads,having thereon aseries of rotative cam rings, andprovided with an annular series of slides carrying the drivers K, incombination with the driving-cylinders F and U substantially as setforth.

1.1. In combination with the slides K, drivers, and cam-rings oftheretainin g-heads,thespring g and collars f, constructed and arrangedto operate and cooperate substantially as set forth.

12. In a machine for driving hoops on. barrels, in combination with theretaining-heads,

the frame or stand 70, supporting-plate, and R, arranged to operate and(so-operate subsnpplementary movable frames m and n, connectedrespectively to the retaining-heads, suhstant-ially as and for thepurpose set forth.

13. In a machine for driving hoops on barrels, the combination of theretaining-heads, provided with annular series of slides K, carrying thehoopdrivers M, rotative cam-rings, and spring g for operating thedrivers radito ally, driving-cylinders, and retaining-cylinderstantially in the manner as described, and for the purposes specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

M ARK L. DEERING.

Witnesses:

J. H. BURRIDGE, W. H. BURRIDGE.

